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Do you manage up or down?

Though the above notion has been attributed to many people over the years, including Groucho Marx, several citations suggest it was Robert Benchley, the American humorist, who first captured that idea 101 years ago in a Vanity Fair article. I confess I am solidly in the former class, always looking for “two kinds of…” frameworks as a way to simplify the complexity of the world. Yes, I know the risks of the exercise — that it can lead to oversimplification and erase the nuances of true insight. But I often find it can also help crystallize the essence of an issue.

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